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The Q-Warg pipeline: a robust and versatile workflow for quantitative analysis of protoplast culture conditions
Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC), Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden.
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands.
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Plant Physiology. Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Umeå Plant Science Centre (UPSC).
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2025 (English)In: Plant Direct, E-ISSN 2475-4455, Vol. 9, no 7, article id e70090Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Single cells offer a simplified model for investigating complex mechanisms such as cell–cell adhesion. Protoplasts, plant cells without cell walls (CWs), have been instrumental in plant research, industrial applications, and breeding. However, because of the absence of a CW, protoplasts are not considered “true” plant cells, making them less relevant for biophysical studies. Current protocols for CW recovery in protoplasts vary widely among laboratories and starting materials, requiring lab-specific optimizations that often depend on expert knowledge and qualitative assessments. To address this, we have developed a user-friendly streamlined workflow, the Q-Warg pipeline, which enables quantitative comparison of various conditions for CW recovery post-protoplasting. This pipeline employs fluorescence imaging and tailored processing to measure parameters such as morphometry, cell viability, and CW staining intensity. Using this approach, we optimized culture conditions to obtain single plant cells (SPCs) with recovered CWs. Additionally, we demonstrated the robustness and versatility of the workflow by quantifying different fluorescent signals in protoplast suspensions. Overall, the Q-Warg pipeline provides a widely accessible and user-friendly solution for robust and unbiased characterization of protoplasts culture. The quantitative data generated by the pipeline will be useful in the future to decipher the mechanisms regulating protoplast viability and regeneration.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
John Wiley & Sons, 2025. Vol. 9, no 7, article id e70090
Keywords [en]
Arabidopsis thaliana, cell wall, fluorescence, protoplasts, quantification, recovery, regeneration, viability
National Category
Botany Plant Biotechnology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-242291DOI: 10.1002/pld3.70090ISI: 001527219400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105010411570OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-242291DiVA, id: diva2:1985099
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2020-03974Novo Nordisk Foundation, NNF21OC0067282Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2022.0029Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2016.0352Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2020.0240Swedish Research Council, 2021-04938The Kempe Foundations, SMK21-0041Vinnova, 2016-00504Bio4EnergyAvailable from: 2025-07-22 Created: 2025-07-22 Last updated: 2025-07-22Bibliographically approved

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Verger, Stéphane

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