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High-intensity attosecond beamline for XUV pump–XUV probe measurements with photon energies up to 150 eV
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9559-5734
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6538-8606
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics. Raman Research Institute, Laboratory for Attosecond Sciences, Light and Matter Physics, Bangalore, India.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4884-3336
Umeå University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Physics.
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2026 (English)In: APL Photonics, E-ISSN 2378-0967, Vol. 11, no 5, article id 056115Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The field of attosecond physics has expanded significantly in recent years, yet experimental facilities supporting attosecond pump–attosecond probe spectroscopy remain rare. Here, we present a newly constructed beamline for the generation and application of energetic, isolated extreme ultraviolet (XUV) and soft x-ray attosecond pulses via upscaling of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in a gas medium. The fundamental properties of the HHG radiation—energy, beam profile, spectrum, and divergence—are characterized and optimized. The source delivers up to 55 nJ of pulse energy within the Zr window (65–150 eV) with high stability (∼5%–10%) and a divergence of 0.1 mrad. Numerical simulations identify optimal operating conditions consistent with experimental results. Temporal super-resolution of the driving laser is applied, resulting in a broadened spectral continuum. Furthermore, the beamline includes a split-and-delay stage before focusing the HHG radiation to a < 6 μm spot for pump–probe experiments using two distinct focusing optics. Spatially resolved ion microscopy is employed to trace the generated ions at the focus. The presented beamline is designed for nonlinear XUV studies with isolated attosecond pulses.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
AIP Publishing , 2026. Vol. 11, no 5, article id 056115
National Category
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-254284DOI: 10.1063/5.0324877ISI: 001777351800001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105040179233OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-254284DiVA, id: diva2:2072245
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2017-04106Swedish Research Council, 2019-02376Swedish Research Council, 2020-05111Swedish Research Council, 2021-05992Swedish Research Council, 2023-04684Swedish Research Council, 2023-04603Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2019.0140Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2020.0111Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2024.0120Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, 2023.0207The Kempe Foundations, SMK21-0017The Kempe Foundations, JCSMK24-539Available from: 2026-06-15 Created: 2026-06-15 Last updated: 2026-06-15Bibliographically approved

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Vardast, SajjadMuschet, AlexanderSmijesh, NadarajanRezaei-Pandar, MohammadSchnur, FritzVeisz, Laszlo

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