Across Nordic legal systems, occupational health services (OHS) form a central part of working-life governance. Yet the legal techniques used to structure providers, competences, and oversight differ markedly across jurisdictions. Focusing on Sweden, this article maps the legal contours of Swedish OHS and asks when their activities fall under the health-care accountability regime. It shows that the functional definition of OHS in the Swedish Work Environment Act leaves organisation, staffing, and range of services largely unregulated, producing a purchaser-driven market with substantial variation. The health-care regime is triggered when medically motivated prevention, investigation, or treatment is performed by health-care personnel or in close cooperation with such staff. Otherwise, OHS activities remain governed primarily by work environment law. These thresholds create compliance challenges around role demarcation, documentation, and supervision in multidisciplinary teams. The article argues that clearer criteria and governance tools are needed to navigate the boundary between occupational health and health care in the Swedish setting