Diet related health problems attract considerable media attention in the UK. TV programmes, newspapers and magazines reflect on the ways that typical diets and patterns of energy expenditure in western-style societies lead more of us to chronic ill-health. Social and political concern about rising national healthcare costs mean that diet and activity are no longer seen as simply a matter of individual choice. So, in the UK and many other societies, efforts are made by health authorities and professionals to promote healthier eating but the problem is largely unabated. This chapter examines the role of primary care practice nurses in making patients aware of changes that could improve their health. It concludes that there are opportunities to improve on the current nutritional focus of their advice by taking into account the patient's routine food purchasing, preparation and consumption practices.