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Weight and body mass index in relation to irradiated volume and to overall survival in patients with oropharyngeal cancer: a retrospective cohort study
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för klinisk vetenskap, Öron- näs- och halssjukdomar.ORCID-id: 0000-0003-4770-3726
Umeå universitet, Medicinska fakulteten, Institutionen för strålningsvetenskaper, Onkologi.
Lunds universitet.
Lunds universitet.
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2014 (Engelska)Ingår i: Radiation Oncology, E-ISSN 1748-717X, Vol. 9, s. 160-Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Background: Weight loss is a common problem in patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (SCCHN) treated with radiotherapy (RT). The aims of the present study were to determine if treated volume (TV), as a measure of the radiation dose burden, can predict weight loss in patients with oropharyngeal cancer and to analyze weight loss and body mass index (BMI) in the same patient group in relation to 5-year overall survival. Methods: The ARTSCAN trial is a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial in patients with SCCHN. Nutritional data from the ARTSCAN trial were analyzed retrospectively using univariate and multivariate statistical methods based on information on percentage weight loss from the start of RT up to five months after the termination of RT (study cohort 1, n = 232) and information on patients' BMI at the start of RT (study cohort 2, n = 203). TV was defined as the volume of the patient receiving at least 95% of the prescribed dose. TV64.6 (Gy) encompasses macroscopic tumor and TV43.7 (Gy) elective lymph nodes of the neck. Results: TV64.6 Gy and TV43.7 Gy were both significantly correlated with higher weight loss up to five months after the termination of RT in study cohort 1 (p < 0.001 for both). BMI at the start of RT was shown to be a prognostic factor for 5-year overall survival in study cohort 2 but weight loss was not. The hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals were 3.78 (1.46-9.75) and 2.57 (1.43-4.62) in patients with underweight and normal weight, respectively. Conclusions: TV can predict weight loss during RT in patients with oropharyngeal cancer regardless of clinical stage. A high BMI (>25 kg/m(2)) at the start of RT is positively associated with survival in patients with oropharyngeal cancer.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
2014. Vol. 9, s. 160-
Nationell ämneskategori
Cancer och onkologi Oto-rino-laryngologi
Forskningsämne
oto-rhino-laryngologi
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82489DOI: 10.1186/1748-717X-9-160ISI: 000339593400001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-84904517569OAI: oai:DiVA.org:umu-82489DiVA, id: diva2:661417
Tillgänglig från: 2013-11-04 Skapad: 2013-11-04 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-04Bibliografiskt granskad
Ingår i avhandling
1. Impact of disease and treatment on body weight and eating in patients with head and neck cancer: experiences from a multicenter study
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Impact of disease and treatment on body weight and eating in patients with head and neck cancer: experiences from a multicenter study
2013 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Abstract [en]

Background Nutritional deterioration in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) has a multifactorial etiology mainly associated with tumor and treatment related factors. The objective of the present thesis was to investigate the impact of the disease and treatment on body weight and eating in patients with HNC treated with radiation therapy (RT) as the single modality treatment or as preoperative RT by analyzing body weight and body mass index (BMI) over time, predictive factors for weight loss and BMI, weight loss and BMI as prognostic factors for survival, and by studying the patients’ own experience of food and eating.

Methods ARTSCAN is a randomized prospective multicenter trial conducted between the years of 1998 - 2006. Data were collected during and after RT with a total follow-up time of five years. Nutritional data from the whole study cohort (n = 712), from patients with oropharyngeal cancer (n = 232) and from two of the participating treatment centers (n = 101) were retrospectively analyzed in the present thesis. In addition, interviews (n = 13) were conducted nine months after the termination of RT as part of a care development project.

Results On a group level, the patients lost weight during and after RT with a nadir at five months after the termination of RT. Factors related to a higher weight loss were oropharyngeal cancer, a high BMI at the start of RT, post-treatment aspiration, no tube feeding at the start of RT, and larger treated volumes. Furthermore, a high BMI at the start of RT was shown to be significantly related to a better five-year overall survival in patients with oropharyngeal cancer, whereas weight loss was not. The patients’ own narratives showed that all aspects of food, eating and meals were affected by the remaining sequelae, and that the patients found ways to accept and cope with the changes that had to be done to facilitate eating.

Conclusions and clinical implications The disease and treatment gave persistent effects on the HNC patients’ weight and BMI which calls for a prolonged nutritional follow-up. The predictive factors found for weight loss can be used during patient history to find patients at risk for nutritional deterioration. In oropharyngeal cancer, patients with a high BMI at the start of RT had the best survival. This finding indicates that patients with a low BMI should be encouraged to gain weight before RT start. All aspects of food, eating and meals were affected during and after RT, and therefore the nutritional treatment should be given with a holistic approach to meet the multifaceted need patients with HNC experience.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Umeå universitet, 2013. s. 70
Serie
Umeå University medical dissertations, ISSN 0346-6612 ; 1608
Nyckelord
Head and neck cancer, weight loss, body mass index, tube feeding, radiation therapy, survival, treated volume, swallowing dysfunction, patient experience.
Nationell ämneskategori
Cancer och onkologi Oto-rino-laryngologi
Forskningsämne
oto-rhino-laryngologi
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82562 (URN)978-91-7459-753-0 (ISBN)
Disputation
2013-11-29, Hörsal C, Samhällsvetarhuset, Umeå universitet, Umeå, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2013-11-07 Skapad: 2013-11-05 Senast uppdaterad: 2024-07-02Bibliografiskt granskad
2. Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: costs and benefits of time, dose and volume
Öppna denna publikation i ny flik eller fönster >>Radiotherapy for head and neck cancer: costs and benefits of time, dose and volume
2017 (Engelska)Doktorsavhandling, sammanläggning (Övrigt vetenskapligt)
Alternativ titel[sv]
Radioterapi för huvud-, halscancer : risk och nytta av tid, dos och volym
Abstract [en]

Background In the treatment of head and neck cancers (HNCs), radiotherapy (RT) has the advantage of organ preservation compared to surgery. However, treatment toxicities associated with RT can affect important functions for everyday life, both in the acute and late stage. RT to macroscopic tumour in HNC is commonly combined with elective RT to cervical lymph nodes at risk of microscopic involvement. The resulting risk reduction of the elective treatment based on dose-volume parameters is sparsely evaluated. So is the relationship between the elective treatment and treatment toxicity. The present thesis addresses these aspects.

A strategy aimed at improving the outcome of RT is accelerated fractionation (AF). AF strives to shorten total treatment time to minimise proliferation of the tumour tissue during the RT period. We have investigated the impact of AF on both disease control and toxicity.

Methods In the ARTSCAN study, 750 patients with localised HNC were randomised between AF (68 Gy in 4.5 weeks) and conventional fractionation (CF) (68 Gy in 7 weeks). The elective treatment volume was prescribed 46 Gy with CF in both treatment arms. The thesis is based on four individual papers, investigating the issues above in the whole study population or in sub-populations.

Results No difference in disease control or late toxicity between CF and AF was observed at five years. However, there was an increased acute toxicity with AF. Weight loss was associated with treatment volume, independent of tumour stage. The elective treatment volume was found to be an independent risk factor for late aspiration, as well as mean dose to the pharyngeal constrictor muscles, neck dissection, and age at randomisation. There was a significant risk reduction for node relapses in volumes treated to an elective dose. Only a relapse in volumes treated to >60 Gy affected the survival.

Conclusion The present thesis questions the benefit of AF in definitive RT as well as extensive elective treatment of the cervical nodes.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Umeå: Umeå Universitet, 2017. s. 29
Serie
Umeå University medical dissertations, ISSN 0346-6612 ; 1880
Nyckelord
radiotherapy, head and neck cancer, adjuvant treatment, accelerated fractionation
Nationell ämneskategori
Cancer och onkologi
Forskningsämne
biomedicinsk strålningsvetenskap
Identifikatorer
urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-131021 (URN)978-91-7601-646-6 (ISBN)
Disputation
2017-02-24, Sal 933, Norrlands Universitetssjukhus, Umeå, 09:00 (Svenska)
Opponent
Handledare
Tillgänglig från: 2017-02-03 Skapad: 2017-02-02 Senast uppdaterad: 2018-06-09Bibliografiskt granskad

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Ottosson, SandraSöderström, KarinZackrisson, Björn

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